Doktorsavhandlingar / Doctoral Theses - C8 (MEB): Recent submissions
Now showing items 81-100 of 250
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Impact of infertility and assisted reproductive technology on cancer risk
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2018-05-07)Ovarian stimulation drugs, in particular those used in assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments for infertility, have been suspected to influence cancer risk. In addition, infertility per se may be a risk factor ... -
Asthma, anxiety and depression in pregnancy : the impact on pregnancy, delivery and perinatal outcomes
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2018-04-27)Asthma and mood disorders such as anxiety or depression are associated with adverse pregnancy, delivery, and perinatal outcomes. There is an association between mood disorders and asthma and there may be common mechanisms ... -
The role of sleep and shift work in dementia and cognitive aging : an epidemiological approach
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2018-04-26)Dementia is a syndrome that afflicts older persons and is characterized by progressive deterioration in memory and other cognitive functions, behavior, and the ability to perform day-to-day activities. Older adults, and ... -
A short story of the long telomere : evidence in aging epidemiology
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2018-04-04)Telomeres are the sequences of nucleotides at the end of chromosomes. Each time a cell divides, telomeres become shorter. The length of telomeres can be replenished by an enzyme, telomerase. Telomere shortening is hypothesized ... -
ADHD, epilepsy, and related childhood psychopathology : understanding shared genetic risk, developmental trajectories, and pharmacological treatment safety
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2018-03-29)Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, affecting 5-7% of children and 2.5-5% of adults worldwide. The disorder is characterized by excessive and age-inappropriate symptoms ... -
Flexible parametric models for cancer patient survival : loss in expectation of life and further developments
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2018-03-01)Population-based cancer studies can contribute to a better understanding of cancer patient survival. The general aim of this thesis was to develop and apply statistical methods for population-based cancer studies to ensure ... -
Genetic and environmental influences on eating disorders and associated adversities and comorbidities
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2018-02-15)Eating disorders (EDs), including anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), are severe psychiatric disorders. Adversities (including suicide) and comorbidities have been illustrated in clinical observations with ... -
Aggressive breast cancer : epidemiological studies addressing disease heterogeneity
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2018-01-25)Breast cancer is either the number one or the second most common cause of cancer death in women in the world, depending on region¹. It is a cancer heterogeneous in many aspects related to the aggressiveness, such as ... -
Effectiveness and equity of cervical cancer prevention : real-life evidence from organised programmes in Sweden
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-11-27)Cervical cancer incidence has substantially declined since cervical screening was implemented five decades ago. The long-term hope of eliminating cervical cancer is promising with the development of effective Human ... -
Generalized survival models as a tool for medical research
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-11-02)In medical research, many studies with the time-to-event outcomes investigate the effect of an exposure (or treatment) on patients’ survival. For the analysis of time-to-event or survival data, model-based approaches have ... -
Dementia and its comorbidities : genetic and epigenetic influences
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-08-30)Dementia is a multifactorial disorder of late life, characterized by memory deficits, personality changes, and impaired reasoning abilities. There is considerable co-morbidity between dementia, cardiovascular disease (CVD), ... -
The role of psychological stress in cervical and prostate carcinogenesis
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-05-23)Psychological stress is common in everyday life, and has been well recognized as one of the major contributors to many mental and physical illnesses, such as mental disorders and cardiovascular diseases. The association ... -
Efficient design and analysis of extended case-control studies
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-05-10)The nested case-control design is widely used in epidemiology for its efficiency, as it combines the advantages of both cohort and case-control designs. This design is an extension of the matched case-control design, where ... -
Stress, depression, and other psychiatric disorders : an epidemiological approach to studying the causes and consequences for in vitro fertilization outcome and polycystic ovary syndrome
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-04-20)Reproductive epidemiology, psychiatric epidemiology, and pharmacoepidemiology come together in this thesis which is comprised of four studies and divided into two parts. Part 1 examines the impact of stress and ... -
Statistical methods for twin and sibling designs
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-04-20)Twin and sibling studies are valuable in that they allow adjustment for potential confounding factors that are impossible or hard to measure. By measuring associations ‘within-cluster’ it is possible to adjust for many ... -
Metabolic disorders in the etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : an epidemiological approach
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-04-13)Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by a loss of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, leading to progressive muscle weakness in multiple regions of the body. No ... -
Parental cancer and children’s well-being : understanding the potential role of psychological stress
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-04-07)Early life stress has a major influence on one’s health through the life course. During childhood, early experience may not only affect the normal brain development, but also influence the susceptibility to mental and ... -
Can Parkinson’s disease be prevented? Epidemiological evidence on lifestyle factors
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-03-24)The etiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is largely unknown, but epidemiological studies have provided robust evidence that environmental factors have a central role in PD pathogenesis and progression. The studies included ... -
Transfusion in critically ill patients : short- and long-term outcomes
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-02-23)A blood transfusion is a common treatment for a range of conditions. Over 112 million blood transfusions are administered each year worldwide and many patients are thereby exposed to the possible risks associated with the ... -
Bipolar disorder and lithium treatment : etiologies and consequences
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2017-02-02)Bipolar disorder is a chronic disabling psychiatric disorder marked by episodic disruptive mood swings, accompanied by disturbances in cognition and behavior. Without effective treatment, bipolar disorder can have devastating ...