Doktorsavhandlingar / Doctoral Theses - C8 (MEB): Recent submissions
Now showing items 101-120 of 250
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Transmitted and acquired determinants for childhood asthma : from genes to teens
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2016-09-28)The interplay between genetic and environmental factors is central to childhood asthma and allergic disease. Transmitted and acquired risk factors collaborate to produce the phenotypic variation of a trait within the ... -
Etiology and early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma : an epidemiological approach
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2016-08-10)Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare malignancy worldwide, but it is endemic in a few areas including southern China, Southeast Asia, North Africa, and the Arctic. The underlying mechanisms behind this remarkable ... -
Risk factors and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : an epidemiologic approach
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2016-05-30)Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating and rare disorder; progressively the patient’s muscles go into paralyses limiting their ability to walk, do day-to-day tasks, and eat. This thesis covers risk factors ... -
Register-based evaluation of HPV vaccination programs
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2016-05-26)The studies included in this thesis examined the population-level effect of human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on incidence of HPV-related disease outcomes, and participation to cervical screening following ... -
Epidemiological studies of asthma and neurodevelopmental disorders in children
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2016-03-30)Asthma and neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) are common diseases starting in early childhood. The prevalence of both diseases is ... -
Pregnancy and breast cancer : risk patterns, tumour characteristics and prognosis
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2016-02-29)Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is commonly defined as a breast cancer (BC) diagnosed during pregnancy or within one or two years after delivery. The risk of BC is lower than expected during pregnancy with a small ... -
What can genetically informative designs add to the understanding of ADHD?
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2016-02-23)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent and clinically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder affecting approximately 3.4–7.3% children and adolescents and 2.5–3.4% adults worldwide, ... -
Risks, correlates, and consequences of the extended psychosis phenotype
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2016-02-01)Psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia entail substantial suffering for the affected individuals and their networks. Traditionally, these disorders come as diagnosable entities that you either have or have not. However, ... -
Determinants of breast cancer risk : focusing on mammographic density
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2015-12-15)Breast cancer is the most common cancer and also one of the leading causes of cancer death among women worldwide. Since most known factors associated with breast cancer risk are difficult to influence, the potential of ... -
Epidemiology and etiology of pancreatic cancer
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2015-11-18)Pancreatic cancer is one of the most devastating malignancies with an extremely high fatality, resulting that its mortality rate almost equals to incidence rate. Although primary prevention is of upmost importance, the ... -
Mood disorders and consequences of pharmacological treatment
(Karolinska Institutet Universitetsbiblioteket / Karolinska Institutet University Library, 2015-11-05)Mental health issues are medical problems getting increased attention throughout the world, and depression, only one among several types of mental illnesses, are currently reported as the second leading cause of disability ... -
Genetic determinants for susceptibility, progression and prognosis of prostate cancer
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2015-10-23)Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of non-skin cancer among men in developed countries. Although a large proportion of patients eventually die from the disease, many indolent tumors are found via prostate ... -
Changes of stomach microenvironment and gastric cancer development
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2015-09-03)While acknowledging the importance of microenvironment-related events, e.g. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and atrophy, occurring during the gastric cancer (GC) progression, at present we have inadequate data ... -
Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in twins with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2015-08-27)Previously identified cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers were studied in 37 twins with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder to determine their genetic and environmental properties. Further, comorbidities and sibling risks ... -
Optimizing cervical cancer prevention through screening and HPV vaccination
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2015-05-21)Effective primary and secondary prevention tools exist for cervical cancer in the form of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines and cervical screening. In order to maximize the impact of prevention strategies in Sweden and ... -
Effects of kinship and timing in familial cancer
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2015-04-17)Family cancer history is one of the most important risk factors for cancer. We investigated in depth the effect of family cancer history, in particular, the effects of kinship and timing on cancer incidence and prognosis ... -
Early life origins of asthma : genetic and environmental factors in twin and kin
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2015-03-19)During the last decades there has been an upsurge of studies investigating how early life exposures may affect subsequent health outcomes in childhood. For instance, low birth weight and exposure to antibiotics during fetal ... -
Physical activity, body mass index and prostate cancer : studies of risk, progression and mortality
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2015-03-06)Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men in developed countries, but it is still unclear what causes the disease. Body mass index (BMI) and physical activity are modifiable lifestyle factors with the potential ... -
Exploring the causal nature of neighborhood influences on violent criminality, substance misuse and psychiatric morbidity
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2015-02-27)Individuals who live in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods, particularly in urban settings, experience elevated risk of being convicted of violent criminality, to engage in substance misuse and to be diagnosed with ... -
Risk prediction models for cardiovascular disease and overall mortality
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2014-12-19)Prediction or prognostication is at the core of modern evidence-based medicine. Prediction of overall mortality and cardiovascular disease can be improved by a systematic evaluation of measurements from large-scale ...