Long-term exposure to transportation noise in relation to metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes
Author: Pyko, Andrei
Date: 2018-05-18
Location: Hillarpsalen, Retzius väg 8, Karolinska Institutet, Solna.
Time: 9.00
Department: Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine
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Thesis (792.2Kb)
Abstract
Transportation noise exposure is increasing because of rapid urbanization and transportation
growth. Environmental noise exposure affects a large part of the population and gives rise to
widespread annoyance and sleep disturbances. However, the evidence on metabolic and
cardiovascular effects of long-term exposure to transportation noise from different sources is
mostly limited and of low quality, hampering comprehensive risk assessment, although such
effects may be of great public health significance. The main aim of this thesis was to study
the development of obesity and cardiovascular outcomes in relation to exposure to noise from
road traffic, railways and aircraft, and particularly the role of interactions.
The four cohorts under study were based in Stockholm County and included a total of more than 22,000 adults followed for up to 20 years. Three of the papers in the thesis used only one of these cohorts, the SDPP cohort, including close to 8,000 subjects at recruitment. Individual assessment of exposure to noise from road traffic, railways or aircraft was based on a detailed residential history for each study participant as well as a newly developed database containing longitudinal information on determinants of noise levels generated by the three transportation noise sources. Data on air pollution exposure was obtained from dispersion models based on a similar methodology. Information on covariates and health outcomes was based on questionnaires and registers, and the health outcome data were further supplemented with information from clinical investigations.
For obesity markers, the strongest associations were observed in relation to aircraft noise. A 10 dB higher level in exposure was associated with a waist circumference increase and weight gain of 0.16 cm/year (95% CI 0.14–0.17) and 0.03 kg/year (95% CI 0.01–0.04), respectively. Road traffic noise exposure was related to a waist circumference increase of 0.04 cm/year (95% CI 0.02–0.06) per 10 dB Lden, while no clear association was observed for railway noise. The incidence rate ratio of central obesity in relation to number of sources of transportation noise exposure increased from 1.22 (95% CI 1.08–1.39) among those exposed to only one source to 2.26 (95% CI 1.55–3.29) among those exposed to all three transportation noise sources. Moreover, aircraft noise exposure was related to incidence of hypertension (hazard ratio: 1.16; 95% CI 1.08–1.24 per 10 dB Lden), but no associations appeared for other transportation noise sources. No clear or consistent associations were observed between transportation noise exposure and risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) or stroke. However, there appeared to be an increased risk of IHD in women related to road traffic noise exposure, while the opposite held true for men. Higher risks appeared of both IHD and stroke incidence in those exposed to all three noise sources, with hazard ratios of 1.57 (95% CI 1.06–2.32) and 1.42 (95% CI 0.87–2.32), respectively.
In conclusion, our findings indicate adverse effects of long-term transportation noise exposure on some metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes, and suggest that combined exposure to different transportation noise sources may be particularly harmful.
The four cohorts under study were based in Stockholm County and included a total of more than 22,000 adults followed for up to 20 years. Three of the papers in the thesis used only one of these cohorts, the SDPP cohort, including close to 8,000 subjects at recruitment. Individual assessment of exposure to noise from road traffic, railways or aircraft was based on a detailed residential history for each study participant as well as a newly developed database containing longitudinal information on determinants of noise levels generated by the three transportation noise sources. Data on air pollution exposure was obtained from dispersion models based on a similar methodology. Information on covariates and health outcomes was based on questionnaires and registers, and the health outcome data were further supplemented with information from clinical investigations.
For obesity markers, the strongest associations were observed in relation to aircraft noise. A 10 dB higher level in exposure was associated with a waist circumference increase and weight gain of 0.16 cm/year (95% CI 0.14–0.17) and 0.03 kg/year (95% CI 0.01–0.04), respectively. Road traffic noise exposure was related to a waist circumference increase of 0.04 cm/year (95% CI 0.02–0.06) per 10 dB Lden, while no clear association was observed for railway noise. The incidence rate ratio of central obesity in relation to number of sources of transportation noise exposure increased from 1.22 (95% CI 1.08–1.39) among those exposed to only one source to 2.26 (95% CI 1.55–3.29) among those exposed to all three transportation noise sources. Moreover, aircraft noise exposure was related to incidence of hypertension (hazard ratio: 1.16; 95% CI 1.08–1.24 per 10 dB Lden), but no associations appeared for other transportation noise sources. No clear or consistent associations were observed between transportation noise exposure and risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) or stroke. However, there appeared to be an increased risk of IHD in women related to road traffic noise exposure, while the opposite held true for men. Higher risks appeared of both IHD and stroke incidence in those exposed to all three noise sources, with hazard ratios of 1.57 (95% CI 1.06–2.32) and 1.42 (95% CI 0.87–2.32), respectively.
In conclusion, our findings indicate adverse effects of long-term transportation noise exposure on some metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes, and suggest that combined exposure to different transportation noise sources may be particularly harmful.
List of papers:
I. Pyko, A., Eriksson, C., Oftedal, B., Hilding, A., Östenson, C.-G., Krog, N.H., Julin, B., Aasvang, G.M., Pershagen, G., 2015. Exposure to traffic noise and markers of obesity. Occup. Environ. Med. 72, 594–601.
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II. Pyko, A., Eriksson, C., Lind, T., Mitkovskaya, N., Wallas, A., Ögren, M., Östenson, C.-G., Pershagen, G., 2017. Long-term exposure to transportation noise in relation to development of obesity – a cohort study. Environ. Health Perspect. 125, 117005.
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III. Pyko, A., Lind, T., Mitkovskaya, N., Ögren, M., Östenson, C.-G., Wallas, A., Pershagen, G., Eriksson, C. Transportation noise and incidence of hypertension. [Accepted]
Fulltext (DOI)
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IV. Pyko, A., Andersson, N., Eriksson, C., de Faire, U., Lind, T., Mitkovskaya, N., Ögren, M., Östenson, C.-G., Pedersen, N. L., Rizzuto, D., Wallas, A., Pershagen, G. Long-term transportation noise exposure and incidence of ischemic heart disease and stroke. [Manuscript]
I. Pyko, A., Eriksson, C., Oftedal, B., Hilding, A., Östenson, C.-G., Krog, N.H., Julin, B., Aasvang, G.M., Pershagen, G., 2015. Exposure to traffic noise and markers of obesity. Occup. Environ. Med. 72, 594–601.
Fulltext (DOI)
Pubmed
View record in Web of Science®
II. Pyko, A., Eriksson, C., Lind, T., Mitkovskaya, N., Wallas, A., Ögren, M., Östenson, C.-G., Pershagen, G., 2017. Long-term exposure to transportation noise in relation to development of obesity – a cohort study. Environ. Health Perspect. 125, 117005.
Fulltext (DOI)
Pubmed
View record in Web of Science®
III. Pyko, A., Lind, T., Mitkovskaya, N., Ögren, M., Östenson, C.-G., Wallas, A., Pershagen, G., Eriksson, C. Transportation noise and incidence of hypertension. [Accepted]
Fulltext (DOI)
Pubmed
View record in Web of Science®
IV. Pyko, A., Andersson, N., Eriksson, C., de Faire, U., Lind, T., Mitkovskaya, N., Ögren, M., Östenson, C.-G., Pedersen, N. L., Rizzuto, D., Wallas, A., Pershagen, G. Long-term transportation noise exposure and incidence of ischemic heart disease and stroke. [Manuscript]
Institution: Karolinska Institutet
Supervisor: Pershagen, Göran
Co-supervisor: Eriksson, Charlotta; Mitkovskaya, Natalya
Issue date: 2018-04-26
Rights:
Publication year: 2018
ISBN: 978-91-7831-072-2
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