Avhandlingar / Theses
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HIV incidence, sexual and reproductive health among high-risk females recruited for participation in HIV prevention trials in Tanzania
(Inst för global folkhälsa / Dept of Global Public Health, 2021-03-05)Background: Testing and evaluating new HIV prevention products such as HIV vaccines, requires identifying, enrolling and retaining cohorts of HIV high risk individuals. This thesis describes the recruitment and follow ... -
Sex and gender aspects in drug utilization
(Inst för medicin, Solna / Dept of Medicine, Solna, 2021-03-04)Drug prescribing is one of the most important processes in healthcare and drugs are also commonly used in the population. Drug use differs between men and women and descriptive reports of sex differences in drug use have ... -
Bridging the gap in asthma management among adolescents and young adults
(Inst för klinisk forskning och utbildning, Södersjukhuset / Dept of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, 2021-03-04)Background: Asthma can develop at any age. During childhood, the prevalence of asthma is higher in boys, but after puberty it grows higher in girls. The goals of asthma treatment are to achieve and maintain asthma control ... -
Molecular insights into the pathogenesis of b-cell and myeloid malignancies : therapeutic implications
(Inst för medicin, Solna / Dept of Medicine, Solna, 2021-03-03)Hematological malignancies originate from hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow or the lymphatic system. In this thesis, I study the molecular pathogenesis of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), and ... -
Health-related quality of life of different patient groups in Swedish national quality registers : longitudinal studies of EQ-5D data and application of different value sets
(Inst för lärande, informatik, management och etik / Dept of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, 2021-03-02)Background: EQ-5D data on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are collected in roughly 40% of about 100 National Quality Registers (NQRs) in Sweden. The aim of the thesis was to increase knowledge on the use ... -
Antireflux surgery in the prevention of supra-esophageal cancer and mortality
(Inst för molekylär medicin och kirurgi / Dept of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, 2021-03-02)Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), mainly characterized by heartburn or regurgitation, is a common condition in the Western world with an increasing prevalence. GERD is associated with an increased risk of adenocarcinoma ... -
Causes and consequences of stress and tobacco exposure in utero on birth size, asthma and academic achievement
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2021-03-01)The objective of this thesis was to further the understanding of the consequences of stress and smoking during pregnancy, the causes of intrauterine growth and asthma as well as the consequences of asthma on school ... -
Developmental dynamics of cardiac progenitors and their role in congenital heart defects
(Inst för cell- och molekylärbiologi / Dept of Cell and Molecular Biology, 2021-03-01)Cardiac progenitors are the fundamental building blocks of the heart and play a central role in the pathogenesis of congenital heart defects. Recent single-cell RNA sequencing studies have revealed that the cell populations ... -
Left ventricular remodeling and function in ischemic heart disease and aortic valve disease
(Inst för molekylär medicin och kirurgi / Dept of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, 2021-03-01)Background: Cardiac remodeling is a broad term that refers to structural and functional alterations of the heart in response to chronic changes in loading conditions or left ventricular (LV) contractile performance. Different ... -
Strategies to assess and improve prognostication of plasma cell disorders
(Inst för medicin, Huddinge / Dept of Medicine, Huddinge, 2021-03-01)Plasma cell dyscrasias (PCD) are a group of disorders, most of which have the overproduction of monoclonal immunoglobulins (M-protein) in common. Included in the group of PCDs are both benign and treatment demanding ... -
Recruitment to multicentre randomised controlled trials in stroke : lessons learnt from the effects trial
(Inst för klinisk neurovetenskap / Dept of Clinical Neuroscience, 2021-02-26)Randomised controlled trials are the gold standard for evaluation treatments. Nevertheless, recruitment into trials is still challenging and many trials fail to meet their recruitment goals within the predetermined time. ... -
Immunopathogenesis in pulmonary tuberculosis : impact of immunomodulation and diabetes co-morbidity
(Inst för medicin, Huddinge / Dept of Medicine, Huddinge, 2021-02-26)Even in the 21st century, tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health threat, primarily due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Presence of co-morbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM) has worsened the current ... -
Clinical aspects of device-detected arrhythmias
(Inst för kliniska vetenskaper, Danderyds sjukhus / Dept of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, 2021-02-25)INTRODUCTION Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) enable continuous monitoring of the heart rhythm. CIEDs constitute a unique opportunity for detecting arrhythmias, as the duration of cardiac monitoring is of ... -
Selenium compounds as a novel class of experimental cancer chemotherapeutics
(Inst för laboratoriemedicin / Dept of Laboratory Medicine, 2021-02-25)Selenium is an essential micronutrient for humans, it has a narrow margin between antioxidant and pro-oxidant effects. Redox-active selenium compounds have the potency to increase ROS levels in cancer cells, providing a ... -
Method Development for [11C]carbon monoxide radiochemistry
(Inst för klinisk neurovetenskap / Dept of Clinical Neuroscience, 2021-02-25)Positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive molecular imaging technique that has found extensive utility in biomedical research and in drug development. A fundamental pre-requisite for PET is the tracer, which is ... -
Risks and benefits of drinking water treatment : focusing on child health and prenatal development
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2021-02-24)Drinking water is our most important food item and its access is indispensable for a wellfunctioning society. Recent Swedish water-borne outbreaks have demonstrated a system vulnerability and a clear need for improved ... -
Molecular markers for prediction of response and progression free survival to novel therapies in cutaneous malignant melanoma
(Inst för onkologi-patologi / Dept of Oncology-Pathology, 2021-02-22)Drugs inhibiting the MAPK-pathway (MAPKi) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have changed the clinical outcome of metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in a significant way. Nonetheless, many patients have ... -
Adaptation of salmonella enterica to antibiotics and innate immunity effectors
(Inst för mikrobiologi, tumör- och cellbiologi / Dept of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, 2021-02-22)Salmonella enterica is a bacterial pathogen causing major morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. The bacteria can cause a wide range of disease, ranging from the severe systemic disease typhoid fever ... -
The necessity to consider visual dysfunctions after acquired brain injury
(Inst för kliniska vetenskaper, Danderyds sjukhus / Dept of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, 2021-02-19)Visual information is processed in wide and extensive networks in the brain, and forms part of executive functions, emotions and memories. An acquired brain injury (ABI) often brings about a disruption of these networks ... -
Positron emission tomography studies of the D₁ dopamine receptor in schizophrenia
(Inst för klinisk neurovetenskap / Dept of Clinical Neuroscience, 2021-02-19)This thesis is based on investigations of central D1-dopamine receptor (D1R) binding in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET). The aims were i) to examine the antipsychotic effect of a D1R antagonist in schizophrenia ...