Avhandlingar / Theses
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Optimized growth and reduced morbidity in preterm infants : focus on nutrition and saturation targets
(Inst för klinisk vetenskap, intervention och teknik / Dept of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, 2018-04-20)Preterm birth alters the conditions during an important period of growth and organ maturation. Extremely preterm infants have a high risk of developing morbidity. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and bronchopulmonary ... -
Characterisation of autophagy pathways in atherosclerosis
(Inst för medicin, Solna / Dept of Medicine, Solna, 2018-04-20)Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of large to intermediate-sized arteries, characterised by retention of modified low-density lipoprotein within the vessel wall; this evokes an inflammatory response. Low-density ... -
HIV-related stigma in the era of efficient treatment : conceptualization, measurement and relations to health-related quality of life
(Inst för lärande, informatik, management och etik / Dept of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, 2018-04-13)The studies included in this thesis examined experiences of HIV-related stigma among persons living with HIV in the current era of efficient treatment. Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been a ... -
Human papillomavirus and other biomarkers in neck masses of unknown origin and in head and neck cancer
(Inst för onkologi-patologi / Dept of Oncology-Pathology, 2018-04-13)Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is, in addition to smoking and alcohol, a risk factor for developing oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), and more specifically tonsillar- and base of tongue squamous cell ... -
The perceived impact of stroke and feasibility of a mobile phone supported ADL intervention in Uganda
(Inst för neurobiologi, vårdvetenskap och samhälle / Dept of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, 2018-04-13)Background: Rehabilitation after stroke in Uganda is limited due to poor infrastructure, inadequate number of professionals and the poor socio-economic situation of the people. A sizeable number of patients with moderate ... -
Alcohol dependence : barriers to treatment and new approaches in primary care
(Inst för folkhälsovetenskap / Dept of Public Health Sciences, 2018-04-13)Alcohol dependence is highly prevalent worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of 4 % in the Swedish adult population. However, alcohol dependence has one of the largest gaps between the number of individuals affected and ... -
Discovery and validation of prognostic markers for cutaneous melanoma
(Inst för onkologi-patologi / Dept of Oncology-Pathology, 2018-04-13)During the last years there has been an alarming increase in incidence of cutaneous melanoma (CMM) which is the deadliest form of skin cancer. There has been a paradigm shift in treatment of disseminated stage IV disease ... -
Structural bases for MHC class I peptide selection and neoepitope formation
(Inst för medicin, Solna / Dept of Medicine, Solna, 2018-04-13)One task of the immune system is to distinguish between healthy cells and altered cells due to viruses or cancers. To achieve this CD8+ T-cells are constantly monitoring the Major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) ... -
Epidemiologic studies on acute appendicitis in children
(Inst för kvinnors och barns hälsa / Dept of Women's and Children's Health, 2018-04-12)Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency in children. A considerable effort has been made to develop and improve treatment and outcomes. A PubMed search yields over 20 000 publications on appendicitis. ... -
A novel drug and device in anesthesia : with focus on breathing and upper airway physiology
(Inst för fysiologi och farmakologi / Dept of Physiology and Pharmacology, 2018-04-12)Anesthesia-related airway complications are associated with hypoxia due to inability to secure or maintain the airway with subsequent insufficient ventilation and gas exchange. This thesis has explored the impact on ... -
Neutrophil extracellular traps : function in infectious and non-Infectious conditions
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2018-04-12)Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are composed of a backbone of chromatin, decorated with microbicidal peptides and proteolytic enzymes, and are used by neutrophils as a weapon against pathogens. Since their initial ... -
Calling for change : the effectiveness of helpline counselling and spontaneous change in problematic alcohol use
(Inst för folkhälsovetenskap / Dept of Public Health Sciences, 2018-04-12)Population studies have estimated the remission rate from alcohol use disorders as well as the life course trajectory of alcohol consumption. However, less is known about the spontaneous change to low-risk use in populations ... -
Cellular models of human brain disorders from skin to brain
(Inst för neurovetenskap / Dept of Neuroscience, 2018-04-12)Studying human brain development and disorders is very challenging. In the absence of comparable model organisms, human-related models, and limitations to obtain live cells from the human brain, induced Pluripotent Stem ... -
Placement of automated external defibrillators and logistics to facilitate early defibrillation in sudden cardiac arrest
(Inst för medicin, Solna / Dept of Medicine, Solna, 2018-04-12)Background and aim. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of death in many western countries. Much effort is put in to measures to improve survival. Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the use ... -
Prevention of cervical cancer in countries with high and low incidence of the disease
(Inst för kvinnors och barns hälsa / Dept of Women's and Children's Health, 2018-04-11)Cervical cancer is to a large extent a preventable disease, through prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Still, it is the second most common cancer among women in Argentina, ... -
Mapping brain circuits : anatomy, connectivity and function
(Inst för neurovetenskap / Dept of Neuroscience, 2018-04-06)To decipher neural circuits anatomy is the central basis for all kinds of neurobiological studies. Here in this thesis, I will start with extensive overview of the current methods that have been intensively employed in ... -
Functional investigation of prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in glioma brain tumors
(Inst för medicinsk biokemi och biofysik / Dept of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2018-04-06)Gliomas are known to be the most prevalent primary tumors of the central nervous system, of which glioblastoma is the most aggressive type with a median survival less than 2 years and no available cure. Studies in this ... -
The blind spot : inflammatory pathways and specific antigens in clinical phenotypes of pulmonary sarcoidosis
(Inst för medicin, Solna / Dept of Medicine, Solna, 2018-04-06)Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous multisystem disorder of unknown aetiology, primarily manifesting in the lungs. The disease appears in two forms, which are mainly distinguished based on clinical criteria; Löfgren's syndrome ... -
Compartmentalisation of the immune response in human skin : cross-talk between dendritic cells and T cells in healthy conditions and in psoriasis
(Inst för medicin, Solna / Dept of Medicine, Solna, 2018-04-06)Human skin is highly compartmentalised and distinct subsets of dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells reside in epidermis and dermis. Alterations in the composition of DCs and T cells have been observed in psoriasis, a common ... -
Severe trauma : risks and outcomes
(Inst för fysiologi och farmakologi / Dept of Physiology and Pharmacology, 2018-04-05)Trauma, “the neglected disease of modern society”, is a global health concern of enormous proportions. Knowledge about factors associated with trauma occurrence, complications and outcome is highly valuable for the improvement ...