Doktorsavhandlingar / Doctoral Theses - C6 (IMM): Recent submissions
Now showing items 81-100 of 321
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Short-term exposure to ozone in relation to mortality and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest : exploring sensitive subgroups by previous hospitalizations
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2018-01-26)Background: Several epidemiological studies have associated short-term ozone (O3) exposure with mortality, as well as with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and other morbidity. Knowledge on which parts of the general ... -
Postmenopausal hormone therapy and cardiovascular risk
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2018-01-09)Introduction and aims: Postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) is the most effective treatment for menopausal symptoms, but its safety has been debated during the past 15 years. Previous observational studies showed benefits ... -
Genes and brain tumors
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2017-12-19)Although brain tumors are rare and combined with other nervous system tumors account for ~ 2% of all cancers, they are the second most common type of pediatric cancer. The etiology of brain tumors, known as multifactorial ... -
Occupational factors and risk of rheumatoid arthritis : studies on silica, physical workload and cold work environment
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2017-11-21)Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that could lead to joint destruction and disabilities. Around 30-70 million people worldwide are affected by RA. Both genetic and environmental factors ... -
Experimental studies on acute health effects of acrolein and other aldehydes
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2017-11-17)Aldehydes are reactive and ubiquitous in indoor as well as outdoors and can give rise to significant health problems in humans, e.g. irritation of the eyes and toxic effects on the upper respiratory tract. This thesis ... -
Indoor environment and tobacco smoke exposure in relation to allergic disease and lung function
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2017-10-17)Asthma and other allergy related diseases are the most common chronic diseases in childhood, and have become a major public health concern. The rapid increase in the occurrence of these diseases, especially in high-income ... -
From health outcomes to value assessments : preference-based evaluation of interventions and valuation of productivity costs among working adults
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2017-08-28)Background: This thesis applies value assessment frameworks to non-specific low back pain (LBP) in a working population to evaluate health outcomes and to estimate productivity costs. LBP is a common diagnosis in primary ... -
Cardiovascular and respiratory effects of air pollution : application of different observational study designs and analysis approaches
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2017-05-12)The effect of air pollution exposure on human health has been a topic of an increasing volume of research over the past half century. Due to the ubiquitous nature of ambient air pollution exposure and the comparatively ... -
Fatality of coronary events : epidemiological studies of potential determinants
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2017-05-02)Background: Although there has been a large number of improvements in prevention and care, coronary heart disease (CHD) was one of the main causes of death in 2010 around the world. The majority of CHD deaths are due to ... -
Epidemiological studies of fructosamine in relation to diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mortality
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2017-04-20)BACKGROUND: Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of micro- and macrovascular disease and mortality. Two main methods for diagnosis and control of type 2 diabetes are the measurements of blood glucose and glycosylated ... -
Interaction of genetic and environmental factors in childhood asthma and allergy
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2017-04-07)Asthma and allergy are the most common chronic childhood diseases. Their occurrences are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The overall aim ... -
Cancer mortality and survival after cancer diagnosis by migration background and socioeconomic position in Sweden
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2017-03-09)Aims: The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the risk of cancer mortality and survival after cancer diagnosis based on migration background and socioeconomic position in Sweden. We studied the effects of country ... -
Long-term exposure to air pollution from road traffic and lung function in children and adolescents
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2016-11-10)Lung function in early life is an important predictor of peak lung function and later decline in adults. However, lung development may also be influenced by factors later in childhood and adolescence. Identification of ... -
Physiologically based modelling of nanoparticle biodistribution and biokinetics
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2016-11-08)To predict the toxicity of nanoparticles (1-100 nm), it is crucial to understand their biokinetics i.e. how they are taken up, distributed, dissolved and removed from the body. Such information can be gained from biodistribution ... -
Nutritional factors and allergic disease : from infancy to adolescence
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2016-11-03)Allergic disease is one of the most common non-communicable diseases in childhood. Both overweight and diet have been hypothesized to influence the risk of allergic disease. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the ... -
Worth weighting for : studies on benchmark dose analysis in relation to animal ethics in toxicity testing
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2016-10-27)A purpose of chemical health risk assessment is to characterize the nature and size of the health risk associated with exposure to chemicals, including identification of a dose below which toxic effects are not expected ... -
Nanotoxicology on the right track : focus on metal and metal oxide nanoparticles
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2016-10-14)The last decade has seen a rapid increase in the manufacture and use of nanomaterials, a development which should be met with appropriate safety assessment strategies in order to ensure the sustainable development of ... -
The health economics of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2016-09-30)Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive muscle degeneration resulting in loss of independent ambulation, serious multisystem complications, and a mean life expectancy ... -
Recurrent and persistent low back pain : course and prevention
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2016-09-14)Background: Non-specific low back pain (LBP) causes more disability than any other condition in the world. The need to understand the clinical course of LBP, develop effective strategies to manage and if possible prevent ... -
Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis : epidemiological studies on environmental and genetic risk factors
(Institutet för miljömedicin / Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2016-08-24)Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory neurological disease with complex aetiology where the causes are not completely known. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate the influence of vitamin ...