The role of FPR2/ALX in the vascular wall
Author: Petri, Marcelo
Date: 2015-10-16
Location: CMM Seminar Room L8:00, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna
Time: 09.00
Department: Inst för medicin, Solna / Dept of Medicine, Solna
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Thesis (2.532Mb)
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis are a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Inflammation has been described as a key component in the development of atherosclerosis. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is a lipid mediator derived from arachidonic acid, which has anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution properties mediated through the FPR2/ALX receptor. This receptor is however, not specific to LXA4 and can transduce pro-inflammation or pro-resolution effects depending on the different ligands present in the atherosclerotic milieu.
The aim of the present thesis was to unravel the role of FPR2/ALX signaling in the atherosclerotic vascular wall. In addition, the effects of LXA4 were examined with 2 goals: to assess the use of LXA4 as possible therapeutic option in mouse models of atherosclerosis, and to elucidate if LXA4 effects were mediated through FPR2/ALX signaling. To this end, in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo experiments were used to evaluate the role of the FPR2/ALX receptor in human samples of atherosclerosis and in mice either expressing or lacking the murine homologue of the FPR2/ALX receptor (Fpr2).
It was discovered that macrophages, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells in human atherosclerotic lesions expressed FPR2/ALX and it was up-regulated by pro-inflammatory stimuli in human monocytes in vitro. In three different mouse models, Fpr2 deletion resulted in decreased atherosclerosis. Macrophages derived from Fpr2 knock-out mice exhibited reduced inflammation and Fpr2 knock-out mice exhibited endothelial dysfunction.
Finally, treatment with the aspirin-triggered LXA4 (ATL, a LXA4 analogue) significantly reduced atherosclerosis, smooth muscle cell migration in vitro and intimal hyperplasia after carotid ligation in vivo. Since this effect was absent in Fpr2 knock-out mice, it supports that Fpr2 transduces anti-inflammatory signaling in response to this lipid mediator.
In summary, the results of the present thesis suggest a dual role for FPR2/ALX signaling in atherosclerosis, with pro-inflammatory property as the disease develops; whereas antiinflammatory signaling was induced by LXA4. In addition, it was discovered that Fpr2 signaling induced differential effects on different cell types within the atherosclerotic lesion.
In conclusion, FPR2/ALX signaling is present in major cells of the vascular wall and is crucial for atherosclerosis development. LXA4 is signaling through FPR2/ALX and this supports the use of LXA4 as a therapeutic option in atherosclerosis as well as restenosis.
The aim of the present thesis was to unravel the role of FPR2/ALX signaling in the atherosclerotic vascular wall. In addition, the effects of LXA4 were examined with 2 goals: to assess the use of LXA4 as possible therapeutic option in mouse models of atherosclerosis, and to elucidate if LXA4 effects were mediated through FPR2/ALX signaling. To this end, in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo experiments were used to evaluate the role of the FPR2/ALX receptor in human samples of atherosclerosis and in mice either expressing or lacking the murine homologue of the FPR2/ALX receptor (Fpr2).
It was discovered that macrophages, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells in human atherosclerotic lesions expressed FPR2/ALX and it was up-regulated by pro-inflammatory stimuli in human monocytes in vitro. In three different mouse models, Fpr2 deletion resulted in decreased atherosclerosis. Macrophages derived from Fpr2 knock-out mice exhibited reduced inflammation and Fpr2 knock-out mice exhibited endothelial dysfunction.
Finally, treatment with the aspirin-triggered LXA4 (ATL, a LXA4 analogue) significantly reduced atherosclerosis, smooth muscle cell migration in vitro and intimal hyperplasia after carotid ligation in vivo. Since this effect was absent in Fpr2 knock-out mice, it supports that Fpr2 transduces anti-inflammatory signaling in response to this lipid mediator.
In summary, the results of the present thesis suggest a dual role for FPR2/ALX signaling in atherosclerosis, with pro-inflammatory property as the disease develops; whereas antiinflammatory signaling was induced by LXA4. In addition, it was discovered that Fpr2 signaling induced differential effects on different cell types within the atherosclerotic lesion.
In conclusion, FPR2/ALX signaling is present in major cells of the vascular wall and is crucial for atherosclerosis development. LXA4 is signaling through FPR2/ALX and this supports the use of LXA4 as a therapeutic option in atherosclerosis as well as restenosis.
List of papers:
I. Petri MH, Laguna-Fernández A, Gonzalez-Diez M, Paulsson-Berne G, Hansson GK and Bäck M. The role of the FPR2/ALX receptor in atherosclerosis development and plaque stability. Cardiovasc Res. 2015;105(1):65-74.
Fulltext (DOI)
Pubmed
View record in Web of Science®
II. Petri MH, Laguna-Fernandez A, Tseng CN, Hedin U, Perretti M and Bäck M. Aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxin A4 signals through FPR2/ALX in vascular smooth muscle cells and protects against intimal hyperplasia after carotid ligation. Int J Cardiol. 2015;179:370-2.
Fulltext (DOI)
Pubmed
View record in Web of Science®
III. Petri MH, Thul S, Ovchinnikova O and Bäck M. Differential regulation of monocytic expression of leukotriene and lipoxin receptors. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2015 Aug 3.
Fulltext (DOI)
Pubmed
IV. Petri MH, Gonzalez-Diez M, Andonova T, Perretti M, Laguna-Fernandez A and Bäck M. Genetic deletion of FPR2/ALX in mice induces endothelial dysfunction. [Manuscript]
V. Petri MH, Laguna-Fernandez A, Perretti M, Hansson G and Bäck M. Aspirin-triggered lipoxin decreases atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. [Manuscript]
I. Petri MH, Laguna-Fernández A, Gonzalez-Diez M, Paulsson-Berne G, Hansson GK and Bäck M. The role of the FPR2/ALX receptor in atherosclerosis development and plaque stability. Cardiovasc Res. 2015;105(1):65-74.
Fulltext (DOI)
Pubmed
View record in Web of Science®
II. Petri MH, Laguna-Fernandez A, Tseng CN, Hedin U, Perretti M and Bäck M. Aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxin A4 signals through FPR2/ALX in vascular smooth muscle cells and protects against intimal hyperplasia after carotid ligation. Int J Cardiol. 2015;179:370-2.
Fulltext (DOI)
Pubmed
View record in Web of Science®
III. Petri MH, Thul S, Ovchinnikova O and Bäck M. Differential regulation of monocytic expression of leukotriene and lipoxin receptors. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2015 Aug 3.
Fulltext (DOI)
Pubmed
IV. Petri MH, Gonzalez-Diez M, Andonova T, Perretti M, Laguna-Fernandez A and Bäck M. Genetic deletion of FPR2/ALX in mice induces endothelial dysfunction. [Manuscript]
V. Petri MH, Laguna-Fernandez A, Perretti M, Hansson G and Bäck M. Aspirin-triggered lipoxin decreases atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. [Manuscript]
Institution: Karolinska Institutet
Supervisor: Bäck, Magnus
Issue date: 2015-09-24
Rights:
Publication year: 2015
ISBN: 978-91-7676-092-5
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