Human muscle response to sprint exercise in a gender perspective
Author: Esbjörnsson Liljedahl, Mona
Date: 2000-01-14
Location: Föreläsningssal C1-87, plan 8, Huddinge sjukhus
Time: 9.30
Department: Institutionen för medicinsk laboratorievetenskap och teknik / Department of Laboratory Sciences and Technology
Abstract
Anaerobic performance, muscle characteristics and acute and chronic
response to sprint exercise were studied in physically active healthy
women (n=35; age 24) and men (n=38; age 25). The aims of the present
study were to: 1) Establish if women possess lower oxidative and
glycolytic capacity, higher proportion of type I fibres and smaller type
II fibre areas in relation to type I fibre areas in thigh musculature
than men. 2) Investigate if the same muscle variables predict anaerobic
performance in women and men. 3) Identify muscle variables explaining
gender differences in anaerobic performance. 4) Investigate if the effect
of anaerobic training on muscle characteristics and maximal power output
differ between women and men. 5) Study if there is a gender difference in
metabolic activation of type I and type II muscle fibres and in
sympathoadrenergic activation, during 30-s cycle sprints. Methods: Sprint
exercise or sprint training were performed using a 30-s Wingate-test.
Muscle biopsies from vastus lateralis were obtained before and
immediately after sprint exercise or before and after 4 weeks of sprint
training. Biopsies were analysed for fibre types, fibre areas, enzyme
activities, glycogen and total creatine content. Content of glycogen,
lactate, creatine phosphate, creatine, ATP, inosine monophosphate (IMP),
inosine, hypoxanthine and xanthine were also analysed in pools of type I
and type II fibres. Venous blood was sampled and analysed for lactate,
ammonia, catecholamines and breakdown products of ATP before, during and
after sprint exercise. Results: Cross-sectional fibre areas of type I,
IIA and IIB fibres were smaller and type II/I area ratio, relative area
of fibre type 11, and activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LD) and
M-subunit of LD were lower in women than in men, but not citrate synthase
activity. Low proportion of type II fibres, phosphofructokinase activity
and low relative M-subunit activity, seemed to reduce anaerobic
performance in both genders. Lower M-subunit activity may contribute to
the lower capacity of women than of men to perform anaerobic exercise.
Sprint training decreased gender differences in mean power output, type
11 fibre cross-sectional area, but did not reduce gender difference in LD
activity. Exercise-induced glycogen degradation was smaller in women than
in men in type I fibres, but not in type Il fibres. This was also
supported by lower lactate content in women's type I fibres after
exercise. Reduction in ATP content and accumulation of IMP during bouts
of sprint exercise was similar in men and women in both type I and 11
fibres. After recovery between bouts of sprint exercise, women showed
lower muscle IMP and inosine than did men, especially in type II fibres.
At systemic level, women as compared to men showed lower accumulation of
ammonia, inosine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, uric acid and catecholamines in
plasma, and of lactate in blood, following repeated sprint exercise.
Conclusion: Knowledge about fibre-type-specific and gender related
differences in the metabolic response to sprint exercise may, besides
being of basic scientific value, have implications for response to sprint
training and therefore also for the planning of gender-specific training
programs, including the recovery period between bouts of sprint exercise.
List of papers:
I. Esbjornsson M, Sylven C, Holm I, Jansson E (1993). "Fast twitch fibres may predict anaerobic performance in both females and males." Int J Sports Med 14(5): 257-263
Pubmed
II. Esbjornsson M, Holm I, Sylven C, Jansson E (1996). "Diffrent responses of skeletal muscle foollowing sprint training in men and women." Eur J Appl Physiol 74: 375-383
III. Esbjornsson-Liljedahl M, Sundberg CJ, Norman B, Jansson E (1999). "Metabolic response in type I and type II muscle fibers during a 30-s cycle sprint in men and women." J Appl Physiol 87(4): 1326-1332
Pubmed
IV. Esbjornsson-Liljedahl M, Jansson E (1999). "Sex difference in plasma ammonia but not in muscle inosine monophosphate accumulation following sprint exercise in humans." Eur J Appl Physiol 79: 404-408
V. Esbjornsson-Liljedahl M, Bodin K, Jansson E (1970). "Attenuated acumulation of ATP breakdown products in women compard with men after repeated cycle sprints." (Submitted)
I. Esbjornsson M, Sylven C, Holm I, Jansson E (1993). "Fast twitch fibres may predict anaerobic performance in both females and males." Int J Sports Med 14(5): 257-263
Pubmed
II. Esbjornsson M, Holm I, Sylven C, Jansson E (1996). "Diffrent responses of skeletal muscle foollowing sprint training in men and women." Eur J Appl Physiol 74: 375-383
III. Esbjornsson-Liljedahl M, Sundberg CJ, Norman B, Jansson E (1999). "Metabolic response in type I and type II muscle fibers during a 30-s cycle sprint in men and women." J Appl Physiol 87(4): 1326-1332
Pubmed
IV. Esbjornsson-Liljedahl M, Jansson E (1999). "Sex difference in plasma ammonia but not in muscle inosine monophosphate accumulation following sprint exercise in humans." Eur J Appl Physiol 79: 404-408
V. Esbjornsson-Liljedahl M, Bodin K, Jansson E (1970). "Attenuated acumulation of ATP breakdown products in women compard with men after repeated cycle sprints." (Submitted)
Issue date: 1999-12-24
Publication year: 2000
ISBN: 91-630-8825-8
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