Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics: Recent submissions
Now showing items 21-40 of 352
-
Associations of breast cancer risk prediction tools with tumor characteristics and metastasis
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2020-04-23)Purpose: The association between established risk factors for breast cancer and subtypes or prognosis of the disease is not well known. We analyzed whether the Tyrer-Cuzick–predicted 10-year breast cancer risk score (TCRS), ... -
Breast cancer genetic risk profile is differentially associated with interval and screen-detected breast cancers
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2020-04-17)Background: Polygenic risk profiles computed from multiple common susceptibility alleles for breast cancer have been shown to identify women at different levels of breast cancer risk. We evaluated whether this genetic ... -
Assessment of breast cancer risk factors reveals subtype heterogeneity
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2020-04-17)Subtype heterogeneity for breast cancer risk factors has been suspected, potentially reflecting etiological differences and implicating risk prediction. Reports are conflicting regarding presence of heterogeneity for many ... -
Time-dependent risk of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders in patients with invasive and in situ breast cancer
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2020-04-17)Despite concerns about the mental health of breast cancer patients, little is known regarding the temporal risk pattern and risk factors of common mental disorders among these patients. We estimated standardized incidence ... -
Time from breast cancer diagnosis to therapeutic surgery and breast cancer prognosis : a population-based cohort study
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2020-04-17)Theoretically, time from breast cancer diagnosis to therapeutic surgery should affect survival. However, it is unclear whether this holds true in a modern healthcare setting in which breast cancer surgery is carried out ... -
Stress during cancer diagnostic workup
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2020-03-24)Receiving a cancer diagnosis is an extremely stressful life event. Cancer patients have been reported to experience an excessive risk of stress-related health outcomes including suicide. The time period between the first ... -
Prevention and prognosis of cervical cancer : the interplay of human papillomavirus, vaccination and screening
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2020-02-26)Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major cause of cervical cancer. The well-established natural history from HPV infection to the occurrence of invasive cervical cancer serves as the basis for prevention of cervical cancer ... -
Epidemiological studies on socioeconomic inequalities and cardiovascular disease : prevention, progression and prognosis
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2020-02-20)Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for 30% of global mortality and is the most common cause of death in the world. Population-wide prevention strategies as well as healthcare interventions have led to a decrease in ... -
DNA methylation and aging : a longitudinal study of old Swedish twins
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2020-01-09)DNA methylation is a well-known biomarker of aging. Many previous studies have reported the change of DNA methylation patterns with age, and analyzed DNA methylation in association with aging outcomes. However, most ... -
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis associated neuroinflammation : nationwide epidemiological studies on etiology, comorbidities, and treatment
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2019-11-26)Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a relatively rare but fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive muscle paralysis, due to loss of upper and lower motor neurons. Signs of neuroinflammation have been ... -
Epidemiology, prevention and control of Legionnaires’ disease in Europe
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2019-11-22)Legionnaires’ disease (LD) is a water-borne infection cause by Gram-negative bacteria Legionella spp. with virtually no person-to-person transmission. The clinical presentation is a severe pneumonia with a case fatality ... -
Statistical models of breast cancer tumour growth and spread
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2019-11-18)In this thesis, we develop statistical methods for studying tumour growth and metastatic lymph node spread in breast cancer. The methods can be used for analysing breast cancer disease progression before diagnosis. They ... -
Sex differences in cancer risk and survival
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2019-11-15)Aim: The objective of study I was to delineate and quantify sex differences in cancer risk and survival together with assessing the potential gain achieved by eliminating the excess cancer risk in men. Study II and III ... -
The comorbidity between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders : aetiology, treatment and outcomes
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2019-09-17)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder (ND) defined by the presence of impairing levels of inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms are often accompanied ... -
Socioeconomic influences on late-life health and mortality : exploring genetic and environmental interplay
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2019-09-13)The objective of this thesis was to increase the understanding of socioeconomic differences in health and mortality in old age - in a genetically informative setting. Data from the Swedish Twin Registry (STR), different ... -
Risk prediction in prostate cancer diagnostics : current challenges and improvements
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2019-08-30)Prostate cancer has been considered a disease of elderly men, and thus historically less focus has been on prostate cancer research than many other cancer types. However, as life expectancy is increasing all over the world, ... -
Sibship and dispensing patterns of asthma medication in young children : a population based study
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2019-08-06)Purpose: Our aim was to study the association between sibship and dispensing patterns of asthma medication in young children, focusing on incidence and persistence, and taking sibship status, asthma diagnoses, and siblings’ ... -
Cesarean delivery, preterm birth and risk of food allergy : nationwide Swedish cohort study of over 1 million children
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2019-08-06)Background & Objectives: Little is known about early life risk factors for food allergy in children. We examined the association between perinatal characteristics and future risk of food allergy in offspring. Methods: ... -
Method developments for the attributable fraction in causal inference
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2019-04-26)In public health and policy making, understanding the overall impact of an intervention is of essential importance. A way to quantify the disease burden due to some risk factor is by the attributable fraction (AF). The AF ... -
Microsimulation modelling of prostate cancer screening in Sweden
(Inst för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik / Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2019-04-18)Evidence-based health policy may require modelling of different interventions. The choice of model complexity is a trade-off, where simpler models may be easier to describe and calibrate, while complex models may better ...