Bioactive peptides and proteins in disease
Author: Refai, Essam
Date: 2004-06-07
Location: Samuelssonsalen, Scheelelaboratoriet, Tomtebodavägen 6, Karolinska Institutet
Time: 13.00
Department: Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och biofysik (MBB) / Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics
View/ Open:
Thesis (1.503Mb)
Abstract
Regulatory peptides and marker proteins are important to study in order to understand disease mechanisms. This applies of course also to our common diseases where all relationships are not yet known. Cancer and diabetes are two such complex diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide. This thesis addresses particular aspects of these two diseases, regarding one regulatory peptide (VIP, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide) that may be useful for tumor tracing and two proteins (apoCIII, apolipoprotein CIII, and TTR, transthyretin) that are altered in type 1 diabetes.
VIP and functional VIP receptors are expressed in neuroblastomas, suggesting that the growth of these cells may be mediated in part by an autocrine action of VIP. VIP receptors are present in many epithelial cancers including breast, colon, non-small cell lung cancer, and pancreatic and prostate cancers. Due to the high density of VIP receptors on cancer cells, radiolabelled VIP may be used to image these tumours. It was therefore important for us to study in vivo distribution of the radiolabelled VIP prior to its usage as tumour tracer. We also studied the biological effects of VIP on tumours in an animal model, as there may be differences with respect to receptor expression between cultured tumour cells and tumour cells grown in vivo. Our studies could provide new insight into tumour imaging with respect to radiolabelled VIP.
Type 1 diabetes serum was shown to increase intracellular Ca2+ and cause cell death. ApoCIII and TTR were isolated from sera of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients based on a biological assay of increases of intracellular Ca2+. The exposure of the pancreatic beta-cell to apoCIII not only increases intracellular Ca2+, but also causes programmed cell death. Furthermore, the activity of apoCIII and type 1 diabetes serum was totally blocked when a polyclonal antibody against human apoCIII was added. TTR did not have any effect on cell death. When applying the patch clamp technique, both cells treated with apoCIII and those treated with TTR displayed larger Ca 2+ -channel currents than control cells.
Research over the last 30 years has established that type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease, but the triggers of the initiation and progression of the disease are still not identified. Genetic, immunological and environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and it is most likely that the events involved can differ between different patients. Further investigations are needed to elucidate all pathways and how they are related to the underlying autoimmunity, but our results show that there is at least a group of type 1 diabetes patients where apoCIII and TTR play a role.
VIP and functional VIP receptors are expressed in neuroblastomas, suggesting that the growth of these cells may be mediated in part by an autocrine action of VIP. VIP receptors are present in many epithelial cancers including breast, colon, non-small cell lung cancer, and pancreatic and prostate cancers. Due to the high density of VIP receptors on cancer cells, radiolabelled VIP may be used to image these tumours. It was therefore important for us to study in vivo distribution of the radiolabelled VIP prior to its usage as tumour tracer. We also studied the biological effects of VIP on tumours in an animal model, as there may be differences with respect to receptor expression between cultured tumour cells and tumour cells grown in vivo. Our studies could provide new insight into tumour imaging with respect to radiolabelled VIP.
Type 1 diabetes serum was shown to increase intracellular Ca2+ and cause cell death. ApoCIII and TTR were isolated from sera of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients based on a biological assay of increases of intracellular Ca2+. The exposure of the pancreatic beta-cell to apoCIII not only increases intracellular Ca2+, but also causes programmed cell death. Furthermore, the activity of apoCIII and type 1 diabetes serum was totally blocked when a polyclonal antibody against human apoCIII was added. TTR did not have any effect on cell death. When applying the patch clamp technique, both cells treated with apoCIII and those treated with TTR displayed larger Ca 2+ -channel currents than control cells.
Research over the last 30 years has established that type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease, but the triggers of the initiation and progression of the disease are still not identified. Genetic, immunological and environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and it is most likely that the events involved can differ between different patients. Further investigations are needed to elucidate all pathways and how they are related to the underlying autoimmunity, but our results show that there is at least a group of type 1 diabetes patients where apoCIII and TTR play a role.
List of papers:
I. Hassan M, Refai E, Andersson M, Schnell PO, Jacobsson H (1994). In vivo dynamical distribution of 131I-VIP in the rat studied by gamma-camera. Nucl Med Biol. 21(6): 865-72.
Pubmed
II. Refai E, Jonsson C, Andersson M, Jacobsson H, Larsson S, Kogner P, Hassan M (1999). Biodistribution of liposomal 131I-VIP in rat using gamma camera. Nucl Med Biol. 26(8): 931-6.
Pubmed
III. Kogner P, Borgstrom P, Bjellerup P, Schilling FH, Refai E, Jonsson C, Dominici C, Wassberg E, Bihl H, Jacobsson H, Theodorsson E, Hassan M (1997). Somatostatin in neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma. Eur J Cancer. 33(12): 2084-9.
Pubmed
IV. Juntti-Berggren L, Refai E, Appelskog I, Andersson M, Imreh G, Dekki N, Uhles S, Yu L, Griffiths WJ, Zaitsev S, Leibiger I, Yang SN, Olivecrona G, Jorbvall H, Berggren PO (2004). Apolipoprotein CIII promotes Ca2+ dependent beta-cell death in type 1 diabetes. [Submitted]
View record in Web of Science®
V. Refai E, Dekki N, Yang SN, Yu L, Norgren S, Marcus C, Andersson M, Jornvall H, Bergren PO, Juntti-Berggren L (2004). Transthyterin increases activity of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ -channels and affects insulin release in pancreatic beta-cells. [Manuscript]
I. Hassan M, Refai E, Andersson M, Schnell PO, Jacobsson H (1994). In vivo dynamical distribution of 131I-VIP in the rat studied by gamma-camera. Nucl Med Biol. 21(6): 865-72.
Pubmed
II. Refai E, Jonsson C, Andersson M, Jacobsson H, Larsson S, Kogner P, Hassan M (1999). Biodistribution of liposomal 131I-VIP in rat using gamma camera. Nucl Med Biol. 26(8): 931-6.
Pubmed
III. Kogner P, Borgstrom P, Bjellerup P, Schilling FH, Refai E, Jonsson C, Dominici C, Wassberg E, Bihl H, Jacobsson H, Theodorsson E, Hassan M (1997). Somatostatin in neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma. Eur J Cancer. 33(12): 2084-9.
Pubmed
IV. Juntti-Berggren L, Refai E, Appelskog I, Andersson M, Imreh G, Dekki N, Uhles S, Yu L, Griffiths WJ, Zaitsev S, Leibiger I, Yang SN, Olivecrona G, Jorbvall H, Berggren PO (2004). Apolipoprotein CIII promotes Ca2+ dependent beta-cell death in type 1 diabetes. [Submitted]
View record in Web of Science®
V. Refai E, Dekki N, Yang SN, Yu L, Norgren S, Marcus C, Andersson M, Jornvall H, Bergren PO, Juntti-Berggren L (2004). Transthyterin increases activity of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ -channels and affects insulin release in pancreatic beta-cells. [Manuscript]
Issue date: 2004-05-17
Rights:
Publication year: 2004
ISBN: 91-7349-914-5
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